自然陈化条件下烤烟片烟4种酶活性的变化动态

摘要

[目的]探究自然陈化条件下不同仓储地点不同产地的烤烟K326与红大品种片烟的酶活性变化.[方法]选择曲靖、楚雄、红河、元江4个仓储试验地点和产自昆明、曲靖、红河3地的烟叶,研究K326和红大片烟陈化过程中蛋白酶、淀粉酶、过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶酶活性的变化动态.[结果]不同仓储地点的温湿度不同,其中元江属于高温中湿仓储区,弥勒属于中温高湿仓储区,楚雄属于中温中湿仓储区,曲靖属于低温低湿仓储区;2个烤烟品种的酶活性有差异,K326品种的蛋白酶、淀粉酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶4种酶的活性均显著高于红大品种,且变化幅度较大,K326品种片烟的过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性变化有显著差异,红大品种片烟的蛋白酶活性变化有显著差异;酶活性的动态变化呈现复杂性,4个存储地点的K326和红大品种的蛋白酶、多酚氧化酶活性的变化动态基本一致,淀粉酶和过氧化物酶活性变化动态则有一定差异.[结论]自然陈化过程中,存储地点、烤烟品种、陈化时间不同使片烟的蛋白酶、淀粉酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶4种酶的活性呈现复杂性交化.文章探究了自然陈化过程中酶活性的变化动态,并明确了酶活性变化是红大品种比K326品种更耐储存的深层原因.%[Objective] The objective of the present paper is to explore the enzyme activities changes of K326 and Hongda of flue-cured tobacco in different aging locations under different producing areas.[Method]The enzyme activities of protease,amylase,peroxidase,and polyphenol oxidase were studied in the K326 and Honda flue-cured tobacco under different storage locations and producing areas.[Result] Different ecological conditions warehouse had different humidity and temperature,including that Yuanjiang was with high temperature and high humidity warehouse,Milei was with moderate temperature and high humidity warehouse,Chuxiong was with moderate temperature and moderate humidity warehouse,and Qujing was with low temperature and low humidity warehouse;The four enzyme activities of two flue-cured tobacco cuhivars had significant differences.The activities of protease,amylase,polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in K326 cultivars were significantly higher than those in Hongda cultivars,and the fluctuations were also great.The dynamic changes of protease and polyphenol oxidase activities of K326 and Hongda cultivars in three storage sites were basically the same,and the dynamic changes of amylase and peroxidase were different.There was a significant negative correlation between protease and peroxidase (R2 =-0.217),and there was a significant positive correlation between polyphenol oxidase and amylase (R2 =0.226).[Conclusion] In the course of natural aging,storage locations,flue-cured tobacco cultivars,sampling batches were the factors that resulted in the complicated changes of the activities of protease,amylase,polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase.In the present paper,the dynamic changes of the four enzymes in natural aging were explored,and it was clear that the change of enzyme activity was the reason that Hongda cultivar had more storage resistance than K326 cultivar.