顾恺之的“心灵之眼”

摘要

The Mind＇s Eye refers to the ability to ＂see＂ by heart, reflecting a peculiar way of perceiv- ing of the ancient Chinese people. It was extensively used in Chinese classical literature and art, and crystal- lized in GU Kai-zhi＇ s art. A story in Shi-shuo Xin-yil shows that a painter could ＂＇see＂ a city absent in sight. GU＇s Mind＇s Eye may be connected with the Taoist cunsi （存思, meditation） , a favorite of Chinese artists contemporary to him. No confirmed evidence to show if Gu was a Taoist or not, his ＂religious experi- ence＂ of such, however, was likely a result of influences from his contemporary literature that might be the records of Taoists practising cunsi.%内容提要：Mind’s Eye指的是一种用心去“看”的能力，体现了古代中国人观看世界的独特思维模式。它普遍存在于中国古代文艺作品之中，并在顾恺之身上得到充分展示。《世说新语》中的一则故事透露，画家曾经在江津渡口那里“看到”了其实根本无法看到的江陵城。顾恺之的“心眼”可能与当时道教的存思术有关，该技术在4世纪下半叶是文人士大夫社交圈里非常流行的话题。无法断定顾恺之是否是道教徒，但他的“宗教经验”显然是受到了当时小说影响，而这些文本可能是道教徒存思修炼时的体验记录。