吴越地区青铜时代的太阳崇拜——一种青铜杖饰的文化解析

摘要

In the late Eastern Zhou period, a type of local-styled bronze staff finials were popular in the Wu and Yue region. These bronze finials enjoyed a strong consistency in structure, form, and decoration. It can be inferred from the related historical documents and archaeological data that the staff with such finial may be interpreted as a"solar tree", which indicates the sun worship in Wu and Yue regaion during the Bronze Age. Sun worship can be traced back to the Liangzhu Culture and Hemudu Culture, but changed sig-nificantly and finally disappeared by the Han and Jin Dynasty. The analysis of the symbolic meaning of staff finials indicates a certain observable continuity of religious belief from the New Stone Age to the Bronze Age in the Wu and Yue region and the existence of the long-distance cultural communication between the Wu and Yue region and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, although the specific processes are not clear yet.%东周晚期,吴越地区流行一种具有地域特色的青铜杖饰,其在结构、形制和装饰等方面都具有很强的一致性.结合传世文献和考古资料进行推断,这种青铜杖可视为简化的太阳树,这是吴越地区青铜时代太阳崇拜的物证.该信仰在吴越地区至少可追溯至良渚文化、河姆渡文化时期,至汉晋时期则已经发生明显的转变,以至最终消失.青铜杖饰象征意义的分析表明,吴越地区新石器时代和青铜器时代的宗教信仰存在一定的延续性,吴越地区与长江上游地区可能存在远距离的文化交流,但二者的具体过程尚不清晰.