A field pilot-scale experiment was conducted to evaluate the comprehensive effects of nitrification inhibitor CP application on wheat grain yield, nitrogen usage efficiency (NUE), nitrous oxide (N2O) emission and ammonia (NH3) volatilization from soil under different N applied rates. Results showed that CP application significantly increased wheat grain yield by 17.8% and 15.4% when N applied rates were 140 kg/hm2 and 180 kg/hm2, respectively. Furthermore, the NUE of wheat was increased by 11.3%-25.2% under CP added treatments. The application of CP decreased N2O emission rates (especially during the observed periods after basal and earing fertilizers applied) and thereby reduced wheat seasonal cumulative N2O emissions by 39.3%-53.7%. However, the total NH3 volatilization of wheat season observed under CP added treatments were 1.46-1.75 folds of that observed under their counter treatments without CP, which were mainly observed during the monitoring periods of basal and earing fertilization. We conclude that the CP application can promote the NUE of wheat, thereby enhance wheat grain yield, and reduce N2O emission, whereas lead to higher NH3 losses at a certain degree, thus should be controlled.%通过田间小区试验研究不同施氮水平下,施用硝化抑制剂CP对小麦产量、氮素利用率、氧化亚氮(N2O)排放与氨(NH3)挥发的综合影响规律.结果表明:在施氮水平为140 kg/hm2与180 kg/hm2时,施用CP促使小麦产量分别显著增加17.8%和15.4%,在同一施氮水平下,施用CP促进小麦氮素利用率提高11.3%~25.2%.施用硝化抑制剂CP可以降低麦季(特别是基肥与穗肥施用时期)土壤N2O的排放速率,并显著减少39.3%~53.7%的累积N2O排放量.但是在两个施氮水平下,施用CP导致麦季NH3挥发量增加1.46~1.75倍,而且此效应主要发生于基肥与穗肥观测期.本研究说明:在麦季施用硝化抑制剂CP可以提高氮素利用率,从而提高小麦产量,并且能减少N2O排放,但同时会导致一定程度的NH3挥发增加,需加以控制.
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