不同秸秆还田方式对白浆土土壤养分及大豆产量的影响

摘要

In order to study the effect of straw returning in albic soil on soil nutrition and crop yield, three different methods of straw returning had been set up, and the local common ground treatment was used as the control (CK). The result showed that the content of soil nitrogen and organic matter of CK were the lowest in 0~20 cm topsoil, but the contents of phosphorus and potassium elements were the highest. The contents of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter of the straw subsoil returning were the highest in 20~40 cm of albic soil. In different straw returning methods, the contents of the soil nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in 40~60 cm horizon soil layer differed little, but the content of potassium ele-ment in subsoil was higher than that of topsoil. The yield of straw subsoil returning was the best, which showed that straw subsoil returning had good effect on soil fertility, and was helpful for the soybean production.%为确定秸秆还田方式对白浆土土壤养分及作物产量的影响，试验设置了普通翻耕的对照处理以及秸秆覆盖还田、心土还田和秸秆焚烧的3种还田方式。3年的试验结果表明：在耕层部分(0~20 cm)，普通翻耕处理区土壤氮素和有机质含量测定值最低，而土壤磷素和钾素含量最高；在白浆层(20~40 cm)，秸秆心土还田处理的土壤碱解氮、全氮、有效磷、全磷和有机质含量最高；在淀积层(40~60 cm)，不同秸秆还田方式，氮素、磷素和有机质含量变化差异较小，钾素表现为土壤下层含量比表层高。两年的数据显示秸秆心土还田处理大豆产量最高，说明秸秆心土还田对土壤地力提升效果明显，利于大豆增产。