深旋松耕改善耕层结构促进马铃薯增产

摘要

In order to explore the feasibility of deep vertically rotary tillage on potato yield and quality in the Glue river area of Shandong province,rotary tillage and deep vertically rotary tillage were designed in this study.Effects of soil physical properties,root biomass,tuber productivity were investigated.Results showed that compared with rotary tillage,deep vertically rotary tillage broke plough pan,significantly reduced soil density and penetration resistance at 20 ～40 cm layers and soil water storage increased by 25.67％ within 50 cm layers.It was beneficial to plant growth and improved root biomass of deep vertically rotary tillage by 26.61％,increased net photosynthetic rate in the middle and lower leaves by 20.82％ and 37.13％,promoted dry matter accumulation after flowering,and then significantly increased dry matter accumulation and contribution of translocation of dry matter stored in tuber after flowering.In general,a single weight of potato under deep vertically rotary tillage treatment increased by 29.82％ and tuber yield increased by 38.68％.%为了探究深旋松耕提升马铃薯产量与质量的可行性.在山东省胶河地区以常规旋耕为对照,研究深旋松耕对土壤物理性质、马铃薯根系及产量形成的影响.结果表明:与常规旋耕相比,深旋松耕能打破犁底层,显著降低20 ～40cm土层的容重和穿透阻力,提高0～50 cm土层的贮水量25.67％,促进作物生长,其中马铃薯根系生物量显著提高26.61％,中、下层叶片净光合速率分别增加20.82％、37.13％,进而提高花后光合产物积累量,促进花后干物质向块茎的转运,使得单块薯重量提高29.82％,马铃薯增产38.68％.