基于 DSM -5的单双相抑郁住院患者的临床特征比较

摘要

目的：采用《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》（DSM -5）诊断标准，比较单相复发性抑郁障碍及双相障碍抑郁发作患者的临床特征，探讨 DSM -5特征标准在中国住院患者中的适用情况。方法根据 DSM -5标准自编抑郁发作临床特征调查问卷，对2015年8月-12月在北京安定医院抑郁症治疗中心住院的复发性抑郁障碍112例及双相障碍抑郁发作136例进行访谈，比较差异。结果双相抑郁起病年龄更早、抑郁发作次数更多、家族史阳性及伴精神病性特征的比例更高（P ﹤0.05）。复发性抑郁一次抑郁发作持续时间更长，伴焦虑痛苦及伴忧郁特征的比例更高（ P ﹤0.05）。结论单双相抑郁具有不同的临床特征，DSM -5特征标准在中国人群中的信效度需要进一步验证。%Objective To compare the differences of clinical features between recurrent unipolar depression(RUD)and bipo-lar depression(BD)with DSM - 5 and to explore the applicablity of DSM - 5 in Chinese inpatients. Methods Clinical interviews with self - compiled questionnaires were performed on 112 patients with RUD and 136 patients with BD who had been hospitalized in De-pression Center of Beijing Anding Hospital from Aug 2015 to Dec 2015,the differences of clinical feature were compared. Results The age at onset in BD was younger than that in RUD,BD had more episodes of depression,family history and psychotic symptoms (P ﹤ 0. 05). The duration of the longest episode and the shortest episode was longer in RUD,RUD had more anxious distress and mel-ancholic features(P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusion The clinical features of RUD and BD are different,the diagnostic criterias of specifiers of recent episode need further validation among Chinese population.