单双相抑郁临床特征及认知功能比较

摘要

Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics and cognitive dysfunction of bipolar depression and unipolar depression.Methods: Fifty patients with unipolar depression, 48 bipolar depression, and 50 normal controls were assessed with Hamilton Depression Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Life Events Scale, and The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. General demographic data, clinical data, and the scores of recognitive function in the 3 groups were compared.Results: The patients with bipolar depression occurred at young age and had obvious family history compared with those with unipolar depression. The patients with bipolar or unipolar disorders had lower scores in most neuropsychological tests than those in the control group (P<0.05). The patients with bipolar depression in understanding memory and Wisconsin card sorting test were worse than those with unipolar depression (P<0.05).Conclusion: There is cognitive dysfunction in patients with bipolar or unipolar disorder. Understanding memory and executive function damage maybe cognitive features in bipolar disorder.%目的:研究单、双相抑郁临床特征及认知功能障碍的特点.方法:对50例单相抑郁、48例双相抑郁患者以及50名正常对照分别进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、生活事件量表的评分,并采用威斯康星卡分类测验、神经心理测验的A、B连线、韦氏记忆量表中的再认、数字广度测验及数字符号等方法评估认知功能,比较3组的一般人口学资料、临床资料和认知功能评分.结果:双相抑郁较单相抑郁具有首发年龄小、家族史较明显等特点,单、双相抑郁患者认知功能均差于对照组(P＜0.05)；双相抑郁患者在理解记忆和威斯康星卡片分类测验结果差于单相抑郁(P＜0.05).结论:单、双相抑郁患者均存在认知功能障碍,但损害存在差异,双相抑郁患者理解记忆及执行功能损害较重,可能为特征性认知障碍.