一起风疹疫情的流行病学调查

摘要

Objective The purpose of the study was to investigate into a rubella outbreak among the Sichuan Province,China. And analyses the cause of divergence affectability in different ethnology. Methods In this study, we analysed a rubella outbreak occurred among the Vietnamese in South west Jiaotong University(SWJTU) Sichuan Province, 2006, and investigate the similar outbreaks of disease before it. Focusing on understanding the cause of why outbreaks limited in Vietnamese. We isolate RV from specimens in Vero-Slam cell, and detect the genotype of isolated RV by RT-PCR and sequence analysis. Results the total morbidity during Vietnamese in SWJTU is 10.8 per cent, witch is mach higher than the morbidity of RV outbreak during 2006 0.314 per cent.The living and studying environment of both Chinese and Vietnamese students is same. It was possible to Chinese students in SWJTU infected with same RV. We definite the infected chance of 21 Chinese students by field investigation. Genotypes of the 2 isolated wild RV are both 2B, witch is the first time in Sichuan Province. It showed a low degree of similarity with nucleotide variation between the 2 isolated wild RV and the advantage RV strains in China at present, and an highest degree of similarity between the 2 isolated wild RV and the wild RV strain in Indian(TAN-IND-00) with genotype of 2B. Conclusion The rubella outbreak occurred in SWJTU 2006 was caused by the RV with genotype of 2B, which was most likely inputted from Viet nam. The RV outbreak limited in Vietnamese was referable to ethnology besides other reasons.%目的 调查一次风疹病毒爆发流行情况,并通过调查分析风疹病毒对不同人种宿主的差异.方法 调查、分析一起2006年局限于四川省成都市某高校越南京族学生中的风疹疫情的流行病学、病原学和临床资料,并调查该次疫情前数次类似情况,着重了解发病人群局限于越南京族学生的相关情况.采用Vero-Slam细胞从患者的标本中分离风疹病毒,通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和序列测定与分析鉴定其基因型别.结果 2006年该次疫情发病率为3.14/万.而该校越南学生累计发病率达10.8%.远高于中国学生累计发病率.两国学生生活、学习环境同一.中国学生存在被暴露的可能.通过现场调查明确了21名中国人的暴露情况.分离出的2株2B基因型风疹野病毒系四川省首次,与目前中国大陆风疹病毒优势病毒株在组间遗传距离上较远,与从印度2B基因型病毒分离株(TAN-IND-00株)组间遗传距离最为接近.结论 2006年该次风疹爆发流行是由2B基因型风疹病毒引起的疫情,极有可能系由越南输入我国;其疫情局限于该校越南籍京族学生中的现象可能与除宿主所处环境、免疫状况以外的人种因素有关.