试析乌克兰语言政策的去俄罗斯化

摘要

After its independence, Ukrainian successive governments all carried out the language policy of de - russification, which is mainly represented in lowering Russian position, narrowing Russian usage scope and reformilag Ukrainian, etc. investi- gating its reason, Ukrainian authorities suppress Russian to be a tool to correct the language superpower in history, to be a way to alleviate the national identity crisis and to be a means to conduct the diplomatic game between Ukraine and Russia. But Ukrainian future language policy of de -russification will not have more potential development scope owing to various influences, which con- sist of a multitude of Russian residents, a key role of Russian position in Ukrainian - Russian relations and international supervi- sion to the language policy and so on.%独立后，乌克兰历届政府均实施了“去俄罗斯化”语言政策，主要表现在通过语言立法降低俄语地位、缩小俄语使用范围以及改造乌语等方面。究其原因，乌当局将打压俄语作为矫正历史上语言强权的工具、缓解国家认同危机的途径以及乌俄关系中外交博弈的手段。由于乌境内俄语居民众多、俄语地位在乌俄关系中扮演重要角色、语言政策受到国际组织监察等因素的影响，乌克兰未来语言政策的去俄罗斯化将不会有更大的发展空间。