在借鉴国内外研究的基础上，建立了城市竞争力评价指标体系。通过熵值法和均方差决策法确定各指标权重，对我国14个沿海开放城市竞争力进行了评价。分析发现，各城市综合竞争力具有内部差异大、极化现象突出等特点。从城市竞争力要素层得分及其状况来看，各城市之间差异显著，而生态环境竞争力普遍偏低。从空间角度看，各城市竞争力水平大致形成了以中部上海为核心，南部广州、北部天津为两翼，连接各城市构成了一条倒“V”字型向东突出的城市竞争力发展格局。根据评价结果由高到低可将14个城市分为强竞争力、较强竞争力、一般竞争力、弱竞争力四大类。%Cities are the main element in socio-economic development, and the main facilitator of social activities. Urban competitiveness is a manifestation of a city's overal strength, and this paper develops an urban competitiveness evaluation index system to study and evaluate the competitiveness of coastal cities. We used the entropy and mean variance decision method to determine the index weight, and then a simple linear weighting method to evaluate the competitiveness of the 14 coastal cities. Analysis of the evaluation results showed that urban competitiveness has large internal differences, highlighting the phenomenon of polarization. According to the scores from the elements layer of urban competitiveness and its conditions, the differences among the cities are signiifcant, but the ecological and environmental competitiveness in al cities are general y lower. From the perspective of space, the level of urban competitiveness of the studied cities roughly formed an inverted V-shape and a prominent eastward development pattern, with Shanghai at its center, Guangzhou at its southern edge, and Tianjin at its northern edge. Final y, and based on the evaluation results, the 14 coastal cities that we studied were divided into four categories: from high to low, they were the very strong competitive type, strong competitive type, general y competitive type, and weakly competitive type.
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