玫瑰花蕾萃取物对嗅球毁损大鼠梨形皮质神经元损伤修复的影响及机制

摘要

目的：观察玫瑰花蕾萃取物对嗅球毁损大鼠梨形皮质神经元损伤修复的影响，探讨其作用机制。方法将60只成年健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组（10只）、模型组（40只）及玫瑰花蕾组（10只）。对照组不做任何处理。模型组及玫瑰花蕾组采用探针破坏嗅球。嗅球毁损后1天，玫瑰花蕾组行玫瑰花蕾萃取物吸嗅，每次持续吸嗅1 h、2次／d，连续14天。分别取对照组、模型组嗅球毁损后24 h、72 h、7 d、14 d（每个时间10只）及玫瑰花蕾组吸嗅14天后脑组织，常规切片，采用尼氏染色法检测各组梨形皮质神经元损伤修复情况，采用免疫组化法检测梨形皮质谷氨酸（Glu）、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）表达。结果对照组梨形皮质神经元尼式小体灰度值为87．32±3．14，模型组毁损24 h、72 h、7 d、14 d时灰度值分别为101．76±4．52、110．76±2．78、98．35±2．69、94．26±3．01，玫瑰花蕾组为88．47±4．33；模型组毁损72 h时尼式小体灰度值大于对照组和玫瑰花蕾组（P均＜0．05）。与对照组比较，模型组毁损72 h、7 d时梨形皮质Glu表达减少、GABA表达增加；与模型组毁损72 h、7 d 比较，玫瑰花蕾组Glu表达增加、GABA表达减少；两组比较P均＜0．05。结论玫瑰花蕾萃取物吸嗅对嗅球毁损大鼠梨形皮质神经元损伤修复具有促进作用，抑制Glu释放、促进GABA释放可能是其作用机制。%Objective To investigate the effect of rosebud extracts on piriform cortical neuronal damage and repair in olfactory bulb damaged rats and its mechanism.Methods Healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, namely the control group (n=10), model group (n=40) and rosebud group (n=10).Rats in the control group were not treated.Using probes agitation to damage the olfactory bulb of rats in the model group and rosebud group.One day after the damage of the olfactory bulb, rats in the rosebud group were prepared to smell rosebud extracts, each time for 1 h, twice a day and for 14 d.The brain tissues were collected from rats in the model group after the damage of the olfactory bulb 24 h, 72 h, 7 d and 14 d ( each time, ten rats) as well as the rosebud group 14 d after the damage.After convention-al section, we used Nissl staining to detect the piriform cortical neuronal damage and repair.Immunohistochemical staining was carried out to detect the Glu and GABA expression of piriform cortex.Results The Nissl body gray value of the con-trol group was 87.32 ±3.14, and they were respectively 101.76 ±4.52, 110.76 ±2.78, 98.35 ±2.69 and 94.26 ±3.01 after olfactory bulb damage of 24 h, 72 h, 7 d and 14 d.The rosebud group was 88.47 ±4.33, and the Nissl body gray value in 72 h after olfactory bulb damage was higher than that of the control group (all P<0.05).Compared with the con-trol group, the Glu expression gray value of piriform cortex at 72 h and 7 d after olfactory bulb damage was decreased, but the GABA expression gray value was increased in the model group.The Glu expression gray value of piriform cortex was in-creased and the GABA expression gray value was decreased in the rosebud group as compared with that of the model group at 72 h and 7 d after olfactory bulb damage.Significant difference was found between these two groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion Rosebud extracts play an important role in promoting the piriform cortical neuronal damage and repair in ol-factory bulb damaged rats, and its mechanism may be associated with the inhibiting release of Glu, and promoting release of GABA.