Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Fructus mume extracts on the formation of the renal calcium oxalate stones in rat models induced by nanobacteria (NB).Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into A,B,C,D,E five groups of 6 rats in each.Rats in the group A were treated with 1 mL normal saline by tail vein injection on the first day which was taken as the control group,rats in the other groups were treated with 1 mL suspension of NB by tail vein injection to establish the models of nephrolithiasis.From the second day,rats in the groups A and B were provided with 2 mL normal saline by gavage every day,and the rest of groups were provided with 2 mL Fructus mume extracts (0.05,0.10 and 0.15 g/mL) every day.After 4 weeks,we collected 24 h urine to measure the urine oxalate (Ox) level by potassium permanganate fading method,used automatic biochemical analyzer to determine the level of urine Ca2+,citrate kit to determine urinary citrate levels,8-OHDG test box to detect the urine 8-OHDG levels.The left kidney was examined and graded for crystal deposition using HE staining.The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in renal tissues was determined using thiobarbituric acid method.Results The levels of Ox,Ca2+ and 8-OHDG in urine of the group B were higher than those in the group A,and the level of citric acid was lower than that of group A (all P<0.05).The levels of Ox,Ca2+ and 8-OHDG in urine of the groups C,D and E were lower than those in the group B,the level of citric acid was higher than that of group B (all P<0.05).No calcium-oxalate crystals were found in the group A,but the calcium-oxalate crystals were found in the group B with a large quantity,and the number of calcium-oxalate crystals in the groups C,D and E was significantly less than that of the group B.The scores of calcium-oxalate crystals in the group B were higher than those in the group A,and the scores of groups C,D and E were lower than those of group B (all P<0.05).The level of MDA in the renal tissues of group B was higher than that of group A,and the level of MDA in renal tissues of groups D and E was lower than that in the group B (all P<0.05).Conclusions Fructus mume extracts have significant inhibitory effect on renal calcium oxalate stones in rats induced by NB,and its mechanism may be related to the decrease of urine urinary Ox level,thereby reducing urinary excretion of Ca2+ and reducing lipid peroxidation damage.%目的 探讨乌梅提取物对纳米细菌(NB)导致的大鼠肾草酸钙结石形成的影响及其机制.方法 30只大鼠随机分为A、B、C、D、E组各6只.A组第1天以生理盐水1 mL尾静脉一次性注射作为正常对照,B、C、D、E组均于第1天以尾静脉一次性注射NB混悬液1 mL建立大鼠草酸钙结石模型.A、B组第2天起均以生理盐水2 mL/d灌胃,C、D、E组第2天起分别以0.05、0.10、0.15 g/mL乌梅提取物2 mL/d灌胃.各组干预4周后,收集24 h尿液,应用高锰酸钾褪色法测定尿液草酸(Ox)水平,全自动生化仪测定尿液Ca2+水平,柠檬酸试剂盒测定尿液柠檬酸水平,8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHDG)测试盒测定尿液8-OHDG水平.取左侧肾脏,行HE染色观察肾组织草酸钙结晶形态,行结晶量分级评分.采用硫代巴比妥酸法检测肾组织丙二醛(MDA)水平.结果 B组尿液Ox、Ca2+、8-OHDG水平均高于A组,柠檬酸水平低于A组(P均<0.05);C、D、E组尿液Ox、Ca2+、8-OHDG水平均低于B组,柠檬酸水平均高于B组(P均<0.05).A组无草酸钙结晶,B组草酸钙结晶明显较多,C、D、E组草酸钙结晶数量较B组明显减少.B组草酸钙结晶量评分高于A组,C、D、E组草酸钙结晶量评分均低于B组(P均<0.05).B组肾组织MDA水平高于A组,D、E组肾组织MDA水平均低于B组(P均<0.05).结论 乌梅提取物对NB所致的大鼠肾草酸钙结石具有明显的抑制作用,其机制可能与降低大鼠尿液Ox水平,进而减少尿Ca2+排泄、减轻脂质过氧化损伤有关.
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