不同温度对灰飞虱生长发育的影响

摘要

本试验以水稻为寄主食料，研究了18、23、25、28、33℃5个不同温度对灰飞虱试验种群发育、存活等各方面的影响。结果表明：18～28℃，随着温度升高，若虫各龄期的发育历期缩短，且发育速率与温度呈显著正相关，33℃高温对若虫发育有明显的抑制作用；同时在18～28℃范围内若虫存活率较高，33℃时存活率显著下降，28℃若虫存活率最高；在18～33℃范围内雌虫均为短翅型，而雄虫多数为长翅型，温度相对较高时雌虫多于雄虫。此外，由直线回归法得到整个若虫期各龄期的发育起点温度分别为8．05、14．64、15．49、14．43、13．52℃，有效积温依次为56．81、23．67、21．72、28．37、48．78日·度。%The development and survival of Laodelphax striatellus population were investigated at five temperatures (18, 23, 25, 28℃and 33℃) with rice as the host.The results showed that the developmental duration of each instar of Laodelphax striatellus nymph reduced with the increase of temperature from 18℃ to 28℃, and there was a significant positive correlation between developmental rate and temperature.Further in-creasing temperature to 33℃, however,it significantly inhibited the nymph (2nd~3rd instar) development. The survival rate was higher at 18 ~28℃ and the highest at 28℃, while significantly declined at 33℃.At 18~33℃, female were all brachyptery, however male mostly were macroptery.And the number of female was more than that of male at relatively high temperature.Based on the linear regression method, the developmen-tal threshold temperatures of 1st , 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th instar nymph were 8.05, 14.64, 15.49, 14.43, 13.52℃respectively, and corresponding effective accumulated temperatures were 56.81, 23.67, 21.72, 28.37, 48.78 day-degree respectively.