不同深耕方式和秸秆还田对夏玉米植株性状及籽粒产量的影响

摘要

以深耕（常规耕作）、秸秆还（不还）田为要素组合5种不同处理，研究其对夏玉米的叶面积指数、灌浆速率（百粒重）、下部茎节、穗部性状及产量的影响。结果表明：各处理玉米籽粒在灌浆前期干重快速增长，而后平缓持续增长；秸秆还田对玉米叶面积指数影响较大，对下部茎节的节长和茎粗影响也较大；隔1年深耕＋秸秆还田处理在夏玉米的各个测定指标上均优于其他处理。可见，深耕和秸秆还田可增加夏玉米籽粒干物质的积累，提高叶面积指数，从而达到增产的效果。%The effects of tillage mode and straw returning on leaf area index (LAI), grain filling rate, lower stem node, ear characters and yield of summer maize were analyzed under 5 different treatments.The re-sults showed that the grain dry weight increased rapidly in the early filling stage, and then kept slow and con-tinuous growth.Straw returning had bigger effects on maize leaf area index, and then the node length and stem diameter of lower stem node.The treatment of deep plowing alternate year and straw returning had better effects on each index of summer maize than the others.The results suggested that deep plowing and straw re-turning could increase grain dry matter accumulation and LAI, then achieve the aim of yield improvement.