人工饲料中重要原料脱脂大豆粉含有的家蚕摄食抑制物质,可以采用乙醇和热水浸提去除.乙醇浸提条件为75％ ～95％的乙醇,在50℃、4h、1∶10以上、微波炉或搅拌;热水浸提条件为50℃以上.采用乙醇和热水两次浸提优于单纯乙醇或热水浸提,条件为先用乙醇按上述条件浸提后压滤,低温烘干后再用50℃热水浸提后离心,去上清液,低温烘干.采用该法浸提大豆粉配制的人工饲料可以提高家蚕的24 h疏毛率,摄食性好的提高幅度较小,继续饲育影响蚕体重;摄食性差的提高幅度较大,3龄蚕体重也极显著高于对照.%The defatted soybean meal,an important raw material for artificial diet,contains silkworm feeding inhibition materials,and they can be removed by ethanol and hot water extracting method.The ethanol extracting conditions were using 75％ ～95％ ethanol,extracting at over 50℃ for 4 hours with the ratio of soybean meal to ethanol of 1∶ 10,and treated by microwave oven or stirring.For the hot water,the condition was over 50℃.Extracting by both ethanol and hot water was better than by ethanol or hot water only.The conditions were firstly extracting with ethanol according to the above conditions and then filter pressing,drying under low temperature,and then extracting with 50℃ hot water,after that,centrifuging,getting rid of the supernatant,and drying under low temperature in the end.Using the artificial diet prepared with the soybean meal extracted by this method could improve the setae dispersion rate of the silkworm larvae after hatching tor 24 hours,the raise amplitude was smaller for better feeding silkworm,and continue feeding by this diet could decrease the silkworm weight;the raise amplitude was greater for worse feeding silkworm,and the weight of 3rd instar larvae was very significantly higher than that of control.
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