FSHβ基因外显子2的多态性及其与两个山羊品种繁殖性能的相关性研究

摘要

[目的]寻找与产羔数相关的遗传标记,为山羊高繁殖力标记辅助选择提供依据.[方法]根据绵羊FSH β基因序列设计2对引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术检测山羊FSH β基因外显子2的多态性,利用最小二乘均数法对其与产羔数的关系进行分析,同时对多态位点的遗传方差进行分析,通过标记位点与产羔性状的遗传相关预测选择反应. [结果]在引物(P_2)扩增片段中检测到1个多态位点,出现3种基因型(EE、EF和FF).对于西农萨能奶山羊,在1～4胎和平均产羔数中,EE型个体产羔数显著高于EF和FF型个体(P<0.05),EF型个体的第2胎和平均产羔教显著高于FF型个体(P<0.05);对于波尔山羊,在2～3胎和平均产羔数中,EE型个体产羔数极显著高于EF和FF型个体(P<0.01),EF型个体平均产羔数显著高于FF型个体(P<0.05).在西农萨能奶山羊和波尔山羊两个群体中,产羔性状的遗传主要受基因加性效应的影响.[结论]对于西农萨能奶山羊和波尔山羊,多态位点EE基因型可作为产羔性状上的标记基因型.%[Objective] The objectives of the present study were to detect the polymorphism in follicle stimulating hormone beta (FSHβ) and investigate the relationship between FSHβ gene and high prolificacy in goats. [Method] According to the sequence of ovine FSHβ gene, two pairs of primers were designed to detect single nucleotide polymorphism of exon 2 of FSHβ gene in two goat breeds by PCR-SSCE The least square mean and genetic variance of different genotypes at polymorphic loci were analyzed, and the selection reaction was forecasted by genetic correlation between marker locus and genetic variance of litter size traits. [Result] There was one polymorphic locus occurring in exon2 (P_2) with three genotypes (EE, EF and FF). In Xinong Saanen dairy goat, EE genotype had significantly higher (P<0.05) litter size than EF and FF genotype in the first to fourth parity and average parity; EF genotype had significantly higher (P<0.05) litter size than FF genotype in the second and average parity. In Boer goat, EE genotype had significantly higher (P<0.01) litter size than EF and FF genotype in the second to fourth parity and average parity; EF genotype had significantly higher (P<0.05) litter size than FF genotype in average parity. In Xinong Saanen dairy and Boer goat, the heredity of litter size was mainly influenced by genetic additive effect. [Conclusion] In Xinong Saanen dairy and Boer goat, the EE genotype is a favorable marker genotype for litter size.