商品供求理论的对偶关系及其意义

摘要

发现西方经济学等课程中诸多理论体系存在显著的对偶规律，这是由具有某种关联的两个对偶事物各自引出的知识体系之间的大同小异本性。主张在教学中注意发掘和利用这种客观存在的对偶规律以收事半功倍之效。分析供给行为理论和需求行为理论的对偶本性，在阐释其概念、原理、方法、规律、图形等等知识点时，将其两两合二为一，可达学一知二。文章还讨论了无差异曲线和等产量曲线的极端化情形及其对偶性。%The principle of duality, which has been found in many theoretical systems in Microeconomics, is the nature of largely identical but with minor differences between the knowledge hierarchies derived from two dual objects which involved certain correlation. This paper suggested exploring and utilizing the impersonally existed duality, in order to attain a better effect. Then it analyzed the natural character of duality between be- havior theory of supply and that of need ,and combined the dual objects into one when explaining the knowledge of concepts, principles, methodology, graphs. The paper also discussed the extreme cases and the principle of duality in Indifference curve and Isoquant curve.