分离式霍普金森压杆在岩石力学实验中的应用

摘要

分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)是材料中高应变率行为测试设备之一.在岩石力学教学中引入SHPB实验可以让学生深入了解岩石的动力学性质,为以后的学习打下基础.首先介绍了SHPB实验的基本原理,接着详述了SHPB实验的特点和实验教学中存在的问题,指出目前实验中存在的主要问题是学生不理解实验的基本原理以及实验的参与性差.提出了在岩石力学实验教学中,应加强SHPB设计原理的讲解,着重进行岩石强度的率相关性实验、开展节理岩体的动力性质有关实验,并在实验教学中引入数值模拟技术,此外还可以开展创新性实验研究.采用这种分阶段的教学模式,不仅能使学生了解岩石动力学的基本理论,同时也向他们介绍SHPB实验的相关前沿,更好地培养学生的创新能力.%Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar ( SHPB ) is an effective apparatus to measure the medium-high strain rate behaviors of materials. In order to increase students' understanding of rock dynamics and to lay a foundation for their further study, the split Hopkinson pressure bar was introduced in the rock mechanics course. First, the basic theory of SHPB was presented. Subsequently, the problems in rock mechanics experiments were enunciated after detailed analysis of the main features of the SHPB teaching. It was pointed out that the fundamental theory, the rate-dependent characters of rock strength as well as the dynamic property of jointed rock mass should be conducted emphatically, and that the numerical simulation technology might be used in the test teaching. Those methods not only helped in the teaching of basic theory but also in the introduction of the SHPB-related frontiers, thus enhancing the innovative ability of students.