机械优化设计课程实践教学项目设计

摘要

Project teaching is a question-oriented teaching mode.Teaching project design is a key section of projectbased teaching.This paper discussed the problems existing in the teaching of mechanical optimization design.According to the characteristic of the course,project teaching can improve teaching quality.On the basis of the student's enhancement on the application of the theory,a real example of belt and chain drives optimization problem is selected as a teaching project.It is established the optimal design model including objective function,constraints etc.The optimal design model is solved through chart data,model realization and reconciliation by using Microsoft Excel.In this way,it has the advantages of simple modeling process,high speed of optimization design,high readability of design data and high level of design automation and so on.So it can save a lot of time and make the design process more convenient.This project can achieve the teaching-learning-doing combination and cultivation of students' application ability.Teaching practice shows that the project-oriented teaching can raise the interests of students in learning and the ability to solve practical problems.%项目教学是一种以问题为导向的教学模式,而教学项目设计是项目教学的一个关键环节.针对《机械优化设计》课程特点及教学中存在的问题,以提高学生对理论知识的运用能力为目标,选取一个带传动和链传动两级传动的优化设计为教学项目,建立了优化设计的数学模型,包括目标函数、约束条件等.应用Excel软件,按照图表数据化、模型实现和解算等步骤实现对优化设计模型的求解.该软件对解决优化设计问题具有建模过程简单、优化设计计算速度快、设计资料可读性高、设计自动化水平高等优点,可以大大提高设计人员的设计效率,为优化设计的工程应用提供了新的借鉴思路.该教学项目“教、学、做”相结合,突出学生应用能力的培养,提高了学生学习兴趣和解决实际问题的能力.