机械系统模型制造全过程教学实践

摘要

针对国内高校在制造专业实践教学中存在的系统性不强、细节研究不足等问题,阐述了以实际机械系统为对象,完成汽车发动机活塞系统模型的设计、加工、测量、装配、测试的各个环节,再现了制造全过程的实践教学方法.实践中根据不同的设计要求,综合考虑工艺、精度、成本、效率等因素,采用先进的加工方法和设备,如超精密切削、电火花加工、3D打印等,最终实现系统功能运动,取得了良好的实践教学效果.学生们通过对细节的积极探讨,解决了实践中出现的意外问题,充分体现了“做中学”的实践教学特点.%Nearly in domestic universities,there was a lack of system and depth during practice courses in manufacturing specialty.In this paper we developed a practice course which was about the whole process of manufacturing on a model of the automotive engine piston system.The practice course involved design,machining,measuring,assembly and testing.For different request,we should consider the complex impact of process,accuracy,cost and efficiency in manufacturing.Moreover,we used advanced manufacturing technologies and equipments,such as precision machining,electro discharge machining (EDM),3D printing etc.During the practice course students discussed in details and solved unexpected problems,then they could implement mechanical motions of the model at last,and we also got a good evaluation of students.This practice turned doing into learning.