影响黄龙藻类群落结构的环境因子分析

摘要

Periphytic algae are breeding rapidly in the travertine deposition landscapes of Huanglong,Sichuan Province,China.In order to ascertain the reasons,trends and effects of this situation,an investigation was carried out in 2015.Water and algae samples were collected in spring,summer and autumn from twelve typical sampling spots.According to the analysis results of environmental factors and community structure,canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was applied to find out the key environmental factors affecting the community structure.The results showed that:(1) A total of 88 species of algae affiliated with 5 phyla,9 classes,18 orders,20 families and 37 genera were identified.Meanwhile,the oligotrophic and native species were dominant in the community.(2) As the seasons changed,the species abundance,biomass and Margalef index increased,the Pielou index decreased,and the index of Simpson and Shannon-Wiener smoothed.(3) Based on the results of CCA,pH (F =1.6,P =0.02) and altitude (F =1.5,P =0.04) were thought to be crucial factors for the community structure.The research indicated that,at the present environmental conditions,the influence of natural factors was greater than human factors.To formulate a strategy of water quality assessment and travertine resources protection,the effects of special environmental factors should be considered.%为了探讨引起黄龙钙华沉积区附着藻类大量滋生的原因、持续发展的趋势以及对钙华景观产生的影响,于2015年春、夏、秋季采集景区内12个典型样地的藻样和水样,在进行群落结构分析和环境因子分析的基础上,采用CCA(典型对应分析)以探明影响群落结构的主要环境因子.结果表明:①试验共检出藻类88种,隶属于5门9纲18目20科37属,优势种以贫营养土著型为主;②随季节更替,物种丰度、生物量和Margalef指数增加,Pielou指数下降,Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数变化稳定;③基于CCA结果发现,pH(F=1.6,P=0.02)和海拔(F=1.5,P=0.04)是影响群落结构的主要环境因子.研究显示,当前环境下,自然因子较人为因子对群落结构的影响更为显著,后期在制订水环境评估及钙华资源保护方案时,应当充分考虑特定环境因子的影响.