中国民营银行的设立：现实意义、政策选择与风险防范研究

摘要

Establishment of private banks is an important part of Chinese financial reform,as many scholars viewed it as a way to solve the loan difficulties of small and micro enterprises.However,private banks still exist ambiguity in policy options and market positioning,which could increase the vulnerability of the financial system risk.Therefore,This paper analyzes the policy options and motivation,practical significance and problems of setting-up private banks.It considers the establishment of private banks must make the top-level design firstly,improve institutional arrangements to solve the prob-lem of the development process,and effectively guard against financial risks,ultimately in order to build a healthy and com-petitive banking system.%民营银行的设立是当前中国经济界、理论界的热点议题，也是中国金融体制改革的重要内容之一，众多学者把民营资本设立银行看作是当前化解中小企业融资难题的有效途径，不少民营上市公司或其大股东也正在积极申请或创造条件计划申请筹办银行。然而，民营银行在政策选择、市场定位方面还存在不明确性，这无疑增加了金融体系脆弱性的风险。因此，本文通过对民营银行设立的政策选择及其动因、现实意义、市场定位、风险问题探析后认为，民营银行设立必须首先做好顶层设计，完善制度安排，解决发展过程中的问题，切实防范金融风险，最终构建一个健康而富有竞争力的银行体系。