半干旱区夏玉米的水肥空间耦合效应

摘要

Spatial coupling effect of irrigating water and fertilizer on summer corn in semiarid area was studied in field experiment, treatments include irrigating and fertilizing at same side, different side, consistent and alternate irrigating and fertilizing area. The yield and some physiological indexes of corn plant were determined. The results showed that irrigating and fertilizing at different side had the highest yield, it had the best spatial coupling effect among all the treatments. Yields of all the treatments reduced by 7%-16%,root absorption capacity, photosynthetic rete, water use efficiency, increased significantly, meanwhile leaf area, transpiration rate ,activity of nitrate reductase in leaf did not change significantly.%通过大田试验就半干旱区非充分灌溉条件下水肥的空间耦合(水肥异区、水肥同区、固定灌水、交替灌水)对夏玉米的产量影响进行了研究，并通过对某些生理指标的测定，探讨了影响产量的原因。结果表明，与常规灌水施肥方式相比，非充分灌溉条件下不同水肥空间耦合灌水量减少一半，籽粒产量下降7%-16%，根系吸收养分能力、光合速率、蒸腾效率明显增加，而叶面积、蒸腾速率和硝酸还原酶活性均无明显变化。其中以水肥异区交替灌水的产量降低最小，表明这是非充分灌溉条件下较好的一种水肥耦合形式。