农业生态系统的耗散结构特征探析

摘要

This paper systematically analyzes the openness, non-equilibrium, non-linear, the process of self-organizing and nonlinear dynamics of agroecosystem, to provide theoretical basis for the regulation and control of agroecosystem, as agroecosystem is of dissipation structure. It showed that agro-ecosystem must exchange with natural ecosystem and socioeconomic system beyond the boundaries to maintain materials, energy, information, and funds for free energy (negentropy), to reduce the entropy within the system, so as to maintain the openness, non-equilibrium, non-linear and self-organizing of agroecosystem.%基于农业生态系统是一种耗散结构的认识,本文系统地分析了农业生态系统的开放性、非平衡性、非线性关系、自组织特征以及非线性动力学过程,以期为农业生态系统的调节和控制提供理论依据.分析表明,农业生态系统必须与其边界以外的自然生态系统和社会经济系统保持物质、能量、信息、资金的交换以获得自由能--负熵,来降低系统内部的熵值,并以此来维持农业生态系统的开放性、非平衡性、非线性以及自组织性.