Objective To evaluate the effects of two different chronic glaucoma models on intraocular pressure elevation and retinal structure changes in rat.Methods Two different chronic ocular hypertension (COH) models were made by three episcleral vein cauterization or latex microspheres injection into anterior chamber,6 cases of each model.IOP measurements of right eyes (COH eye) and left eye (control eye) were taken weekly by TonoPen (an applanation tonometer).Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were retrogradely labeled with 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) seven weeks later.Retina structure was observed by immunofluorescence.Results IOP was elevated at postoperative 1-8 weeks,and the mean IOP in the episcleral vein cauterization group was (27.20 ± 1.83) mmHg (1 kPa =7.5 mmHg),whereas the control group was (19.80 ± 1.35) mmHg (P =0.001,n =6).The mean IOP in the latex microspheres injection group was (27.40 ± 1.88) mmHg,whereas the control group was (19.40 ± 1.00) mmHg (P =0.000,n =6).Compared with control rat at postoperative 8 weeks,RGCs loss in episcleral vein cauterization group were 37.9％,39.6 and 33.5％ (all P =0.000,n =6),latex microspheres injection group were 37.3％,39.4％ and 33.5％ (all P =0.000,n =6).There was no statistical difference between episcleral vein cauterization group and latex microspheres injection group (P =0.855,0.949,0.634,n =6).Compared with control rat at postoperative 8 weeks,GCL thickness in both COH models were also significant reduced,but there was no statistical difference in GCL thickness among control group (7.32 ± 0.39) μm,episcleral vein cauterization group (4.97 ±0.33) μm,latex microspheres injection group (5.00 ±0.31) μm.Misoperation or careless operation may lead to microspheres particle residual on flat-mounted rat retina.Conclusion The episcleral vein cauterization or latex microspheres injection into anterior chamber can all increase the IOP.However,there are some advantages in episcleral vein cauterization such as few costs than latex microspheres injection and no microsphere contamination.%目的 评估两种慢性高眼压大鼠模型的升眼压效果和视网膜结构的改变.方法 分别通过前房内注射微珠(微珠组)和结扎3支巩膜上静脉(结扎组)的方法制作两种慢性高眼压大鼠模型(每组6只).使用TonoPen眼压计测量大鼠眼压,模型制作当天及其后每周测量大鼠眼压,大鼠右眼为实验眼,左眼为对照眼(假手术眼).采用荧光金上丘逆标的方法标记视网膜神经节细胞并计数;使用免疫荧光标记的方法观察大鼠视网膜结构的改变.结果 造模后1-8周微球组和结扎组大鼠眼压均升高;其中结扎组眼压为(27.20±1.83) mmHg(1 kPa=7.5 mmHg),其对照眼眼压为(19.80±1.35) mmHg(P=0.001,n=6);微珠组眼压为(27.40±1.88) mmHg,其对照眼眼压为(19.40±1.00) mmHg(P=0.000,n=6).造模后8周,巩膜上静脉结扎组视网膜神经节细胞丢失37.9％、39.6％和33.5％(均为P=O.000,n=6),前房内注射微珠组丢失37.3％、39.4％和32.3％(均为P=0.000,n=6),两组视网膜神经节细胞的丢失数量比较差异均无统计学意义(P =0.855、0.949、0.634,n=6).高眼压模型8周后,相较于对照组,微珠组和结扎组视网膜神经节细胞核数量均有明显减少,组织厚度变薄,但两组间差异无统计学意义[对照组厚度(7.32±0.39) μm,结扎组厚度(4.97±0.33)μm,微珠组厚度(5.00 ±0.31) μm].前房内注射微珠组在部分组织切片可发现微珠污染.结论 巩膜上静脉结扎和前房内注射微珠均可以使大鼠眼压稳定增高.巩膜上静脉结扎具有实施方便和价格低的优势,并且没有微珠污染的缺点.
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