为研究轨道与隧道结构相互作用规律,建立弹性支承块式轨道与隧道底板相互作用的有限元模型.考虑隧道底板变形方式、最大变形值、沉降槽宽度等影响因素,通过数值模拟计算轨道结构的变形和内力、钢轨与道床板的脱空、道床与隧道底板的脱空.结果表明:由于支承块、道床板、隧道底板之间连接力弱,隧道结构的不均匀沉降可能引起支承块与道床板、道床板与隧道底板间的脱空;钢轨对道床板的约束作用不明显,道床板与隧道结构存在变形差异的原因主要在于道床板自身的刚度;隧道底板最大变形发生在道床板变形缝处时,相比于发生在道床板中部,钢轨与道床板更容易产生脱空;沉降槽宽度越大,轨道与隧道结构的差异变形越小,而轨道结构内力随沉降槽宽度增大呈先增大后减小的趋势.采用实际工点的参数进行计算,得到道床板与隧道底板脱空量为0.8mm,与实测脱空量1.1 mm相比基本一致.%In order to study the interaction between track and tunnel structures,a finite element model is established to analyze the interaction between LVT track and tunnel floor.Taken into account are the following influence factors:the deformation mode,the maximum deformation of tunnel floor and the width of settlement trough.The deformation and internal forces of track,the detachment between rail and track bed,the detachment between track bed and tunnel floor are calculated.The results show that,due to weak connection among supporting block,track bed and tunnel floor,the uneven settlement of tunnel floor may cause the detachment among rail,track bed and tunnel floor;the insufficient constraint effect of rail to the track bed and the deformation difference between track bed and tunnel floor are mainly caused by the rigidity of track bed;rail is more likely to detach from track bed as the maximum deformation of track bed occurs at the deformation joint than in the middle of track bed;with the increase of the width of settlement trough,the deformation difference between track and tunnel gets smaller,but the internal force of track structure tends to increase first and then decrease.The calculation with in-situ data shows 0.8 mm detachment between track bed and tunnel floor,which is consistent with the measured 1.1 mm.
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