When testing train integrity based on GPS,the GPS antenna mounted at the tail of train can be blocked easily by the compartment in the heading of the train,which results in incomplete GPS conditions,restricts the regular 4-star positioning method and fails to output the positioning result. Therefore, the article puts forward the way to realize integrity testing by using a virtual satellite for GPS positioning. It can add a one constraint equation via the virtual satellite,which can be synthesized with the three equations formed via the three visual satellites,thus realizing the computing method for train tail positioning and testing the train integrity. According to the test result,the method can meet the requirement of train integrity testing.%在GPS定位列车完整性检测过程中,安装在列车尾部的GPS天线易受到列车前进方向车厢遮挡,造成GPS定位条件不完备,使常规4星定位方法受到限制,无法输出定位结果.对此,提出利用虚拟卫星辅助GPS定位的方法实现完整性检测.通过虚拟卫星可增加1个约束方程,同时与3颗可观测卫星构成的3个方程联立,实现列尾定位解算方法,达到检测列车完整性的目的.试验结果表明,该方法能够满足列车完整性检测的要求.
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