第三方情境的结果公平效应：来自ERP的证据

摘要

The concept of fairness is a pivotal topic in the history of human thought. Previous studies have been demonstrated that people are inclined to express strong disapproval of and to punish social norm violators when observing others suffer from unfair treatment. How-ever,the neural mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. Using a third-party ultimatum game combined with event-related potentials( ERP)technique,the present study investigate how our brain encodes other-regarding outcome in the context of inter-est-independent and intention-irrelevant. Behavioral results displayed higher rejection rates and more unpleasant feelings for fair of-fers than for unfair offers. ERP results also revealed that FRN and P300 were both sensitive to fairness information,with a more negative-going FRN and a smaller P300 for unfair offers than for fair offers. These findings provide neurophysiological evidence that individuals take the fairness of other-regarding outcome into consideration even if their self-interests are not involved in wealth allocation.%公平是人类社会的永恒主题。已有研究表明，个体在目睹他人遭受不公平对待时会谴责和惩罚违规者，但其神经机制尚不清楚。该研究运用第三方最后通牒博弈任务和ERP技术，在不涉及利益相关性和分配动机的情况下，考察第三方情境的结果公平效应。行为结果发现，不公平方案比公平方案引起了第三方更多的拒绝行为和更偏向负性的情绪体验。脑电结果也发现，结果公平性的不同水平诱发了不同波幅的FRN和P300，与公平方案相比，不公平方案诱发了更大的 FRN和更小的 P300。这表明即使与自身收益无关，个体加工他人利益分配过程中的结果信息时会受到公平准则的影响。