不同蛋白水解物对花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)生长性能及非特异性免疫的影响

摘要

实验以基础饲料组[含30％鱼粉蛋白(FM)]为对照组,用鱼蛋白水解物(FPH)、猪血蛋白水解物(PBPH)、酵母蛋白水解物(YPH)和豆粕蛋白水解物(SPH)分别替代配方中10％的鱼粉蛋白,配制成5组等氮等脂的饲料,喂养初始平均体重为31.99 g的花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)8周,探讨饲料中不同蛋白水解物对花鲈生长、饲料利用、体组成成分及非特异性免疫的影响.结果显示:各处理组实验鱼存活率在97.78％-98.89％之间,没有显著性差异(P＞0.05);FPH组与FM组的末重和特定生长率最高,两者之间没有显著差异(P＞0.05),但显著高于PBPH组、SPH组和YPH组(P＜0.05);FPH组饲料效率高于FM组、PBPH组和YPH组(P＞0.05),且显著高于SPH组(P＜0.05);各实验处理组鲈鱼摄食率没有显著差异(P＞0.05);FPH组蛋白效率比显著高于FM组、PBPH组、SPH组和YPH组(P＜0.05);FPH组、FM组和YPH组的蛋白质沉积率显著高于PBPH组和SPH组(P＜0.05).饲料中添加FPH和YPH会显著增加花鲈肝脏和血清中碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶活性和总抗氧化能力,显著高于FM组、PBPH组和SPH组(P＜0.05).FPH组的花鲈鱼体粗蛋白含量高于FM组和YPH组,但差异不显著(P＞0.05),FPH组显著高于PBPH组和SPH组(P＜0.05).综上所述,4种不同蛋白水解物替代鱼粉后投喂花鲈幼鱼,鱼蛋白水解物效果最好,其次是酵母蛋白水解物、猪血蛋白水解物和豆粕蛋白水解物.%This study was conducted to investigate the effects of four protein hydrolysates for replacing fish meal protein of basal diets on growth performance and non-specific immunity of Japanese seabass (Lateolabraxjaponicus).The control group included fish meal (FM) as the single protein source.The experimental groups were replaced 10％ of fish meal protein with four protein hydrolysates,including fish protein hydrolysate (FPH),pig blood protein hydrolysate (PBPH),soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) and yeast protein hydrolysate (YPH).Five diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isolipidic.All diets were fed in triplicate groups ofL.japonicus (initial weight 31.99 g) for 8 weeks.Results indicated that the final body weight and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly improved when fish were fed the FM and FPH groups compared with the PBPH,SPH,and YPH groups (P＜0.05),but there was no significant effect on survival rate and feed intake among all groups (P＞0.05).There was no difference in feed efficiency (FE) among the FPH,FM,PBPH,and YPH groups (P＞0.05),while the FPH group was significantly higher than the SPH group (P＜0.05).The FPH group had significantly higher protein efficiency ratio (PER) than other dietary treatments (P＜0.05).The FPH,FM and YPH groups showed significantly higher protein productive value (PPV) than that of PBPH and SPH groups (P＜0.05),while PPV in the FPH,FM and YPH groups were not significantly different (P＞0.05).AKP,ACP,SOD,LZM activities and T-AOC in liver and serum of the FPH and YPH groups were significantly higher than other groups (P＜0.05).The FPH group showed significantly highest crude protein of fish body in all dietary treatments,but there were no significant different between the FPH,FM and YPH groups (P＞0.05).In conclusion,FPH had the best effects on growth and non-specific immunity ofL.japonicus compared with other diets,followed by YPH,PBPH and SPH.