c －Met 信号通路在多种恶性肿瘤中的研究进展

摘要

In recent years ,the treatment of malignant tumor has entered the era of individualization and molecular target .Therefore,research and development of new therapeutic targets for cancer patients has become a top priority.A large number of clinical and experimental research found that HGF is produced by mesenchymal cells,which is combined with epithelial cells of specific receptors c -Met to activate the receptor tyrosine activity , promoting the growth ,migration and morphological change of a variety of cell ,and then to promote the tumor inva-sion,metastasis and angiogenesis .HGF and its receptor c-Met play an important role in the progression of thy-roid cancer,breast cancer,lung cancer,head and neck squamous cell carcinomas ,central nervous system tumors and digestive system tumors .HGF/c-Met signaling pathway ,as a new targets for a variety of solid tumors ,is con-sidered to be the most promising therapeutic targets in recent years ,it has also become one of the hot spots of cur-rent research.This article will mainly discuss HGF and c -Met receptor′s structure,function,activation mecha-nism and research progress in a variety of malignant tumor .A large number of clinical and experimental research found that HGF is produced by mesenchymal cells and epithelial cells with a specific receptor combination c -Met and activates the receptor tyrosine activity .%近年来，恶性肿瘤的治疗已进入了个体化和分子靶向时代，因此，研发针对肿瘤病人个体新的治疗靶点已成为重中之重。大量临床和基础实验研究发现，由间质细胞产生的肝细胞生长因子（ Hepa-tocyte growth factor receptor ，HGF）与上皮细胞中的特异受体间质———上皮细胞转化因子（ Mesenchymal －epithelial transition factor ，c－Met）结合并激活该受体的酪氨酸活性，促进多种类型细胞的生长、迁移和形态学改变，继而促进肿瘤的侵袭、转移和血管生成。在甲状腺癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、头颈部鳞癌、中枢神经系统肿瘤及消化系统肿瘤的发生、发展中，HGF及其受体c－Met起着重要作用。 HGF／c－Met信号通路作为多种实体瘤的新靶点，被认为是近年来最有前景的治疗靶点，已成为目前研究的热点之一。本文将主要就HGF及c－Met受体的结构、功能、激活机制及在多种恶性肿瘤中的研究进展做一综述。