钱塘江河口围涂工程对杭州湾水动力和水环境的影响

摘要

基于钱塘江河口特殊的自然特征,自20世纪60年代开始,钱塘江河口进行了大范围的治江围涂.由MIKE软件建立了杭州湾水动力水质模型,探讨钱塘江河口围涂工程对杭州湾潮流场、盐度场以及水质的影响.研究结果表明,仅在工程区域附近影响了杭州湾水域的水动力特征,使得河口区的流速增大;围涂工程使得湾内盐度等值线后退,有效地减弱了杭州湾的盐水入侵;工程后随钱塘江而来的污染物得到了更快的扩散稀释,减弱了河口区水体的污染.%On account of the special natural characteristics of Qiantang estuary,the regulation and reclamation in large scale on Qiantang estuary have been carried out since 1960's.Based on the numerical simulation of the hydrodynamics and water environment in Hangzhou bay by MIKE,the influence on flow field,salinity field and water quality of Hangzhou bay has been studied.The result shows that the project affects only its adjoining waters,and it increases the speed of water flow in the estuary.The project can also make the salinity contour backward,and decrease the intensity of saltwater intrusion.The contamination from the Qiantang river will diffuse faster after the reclamation project,while it will reduce the water pollution in Qiantang estuary.