1,4-丁炔二醇对硫酸盐镀镍液及镀层性能的影响

摘要

研究了硫酸盐镀镍电解液中1,4-丁炔二醇对电解液电流效率、分散能力、阴极极化及镍镀层光亮度、硬度及内应力的影响.采用扫描电镜和X-射线衍射分析表征了镍镀层表面形貌和微观结构.结果表明,1,4-丁炔二醇的加入使镍镀层的光亮度有所改善,但达不到镜面光亮；而对电解液的电流效率、分散能力影响不大；当ρ(1,4-丁炔二醇)达0.3 g/L时,镍镀层的硬度逐渐减小,镍镀层的拉应力则先增大后略有降低；继续增加1,4-丁炔二醇的质量浓度,镍镀层的硬度和拉应力随之增大；在较低的过电位下1,4-丁炔二醇能够显著增加镍沉积的电位,细化镍镀层晶粒尺寸,使其表面更加平滑；呈现出(200)面择优取向.%The influences of 1,4-butynediol on the brightness, hardness, internal stress of nickel deposit and the cathodic current efficiency, throwing power, cathodic polarization behavior of plating solution from sulfate electrolyte were studied. The surface morphology and microstructure of nickel deposit were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) techniques. The results show that the addition of 1,4- butynediol can improve the brightness but not yet reach the mirrorlike brightness of nickel deposit, while has no significant effect on the cathodic current efficiency and throwing power of plating solution. With the 1,4-butynediol concentration increased from 0 to 0. 3 g/L, the hardness of nickel deposit decreases gradually and the internal stress of nickel deposit increases firstly then decreases slightly. By further increasing the concentration of 1, 4- butynediol, the hardness and internal stress of nickel deposit increase. The addition of 1,4- butynediol can remarkably enhance the polarization potential of nickel deposition at lower overpotential. SEM observation indicates that the addition of 1, 4-butynediol can refine the grain size of nickel deposit and obtain a smooth surface. The nickel deposit has a(200) preferred crystal orientation.