10个红麻雄性不育株系不育性的鉴定

摘要

红麻（Hibiscus cannabinus L．）具有抗旱、耐盐碱、耐贫瘠的特性，是锦葵科木槿属一年生纤维作物。红麻杂种优势的利用可以增加生物产量，改善纤维品质，节省大量的人力、物力。本文主要是对新选育的10个红麻细胞质雄性不育株系201A、202A、203A、204A、205A、206A、207A、208A、1A、2A 的不育度进行鉴定，通过自交、镊子辅助自交和人工辅助授粉杂交的方法处理，调查其座果情况，对不育株系的不育度进行鉴定，结果表明：10个红麻细胞质雄性不育株系的不育度达到了100％。这些不育株系进一步回交改良其它性状，为红麻不育系的选育、三系配套育种奠定坚实的基础。%Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)is an annual fiber crop with the advantages of drought, salt and barren resistance.The use of kenaf heterosis can increase biological yield,improve fiber quality, save labor and material resources.This paper is mainly on the identification of the sterility of 10 kenaf cytoplasmic male sterile lines including 201A,202A,203A,204A,205A,206A,207A,208A,1A and 2A,which were bred by Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.In order to identify the degree of sterility,the fruits which were from these lines by self - pollination, self - pollination assisted with forceps and artificial -pollination were surveyed.The results showed the sterility degree of the 10 lines was 100%.These sterile lines need further backcrossing to breed other properties,which would lay a solid foundation for breeding the male sterile lines and matching of three lines breeding.