基于生活圈及社会公平的理念,文章采用步行可达性及人口需求指数等综合分析方法,研究上海市基本医疗机构服务水平的空间差异性及其在社会群体配给上的公平性.研究结果表明,上海全市基本医疗机构的总体服务水平远低于中心城水平;街道/镇层面,基本医疗机构的服务供给水平(可达性)高的主要分布在中心城内,零星分布在各新城内部,需求指数高的街道/镇主要分布在中心城内及崇明区,而对两者的相关性分析及空间叠置分析显示,二者呈显著相关,75%左右的高需求街道/镇具有较好的基本医疗可达性,表明社会公平达到一定的水平;供需不一致的街道/镇主要分布在崇明区及中心城外环周边,在未来的规划中需注意分类引导发展.%Bases on the life circle theory, and the analysis of step accessibility and human requirement index, the paper researches the difference of service level of Shanghai's basic medical institutions, and researches the equity of providing. The results show that, the service level in whole city is lower than center city; in the street or town, these high-service institutions are distributed in center city, and distributed in the new city sporadically, those streets or towns which have high demand are distributed in center city and Chongming county. And, they have a close relation, 75% streets and towns have the good accessibility and the good social equity; the unbalance of supply and demand appear in Chongming county or around center city, should be noticed in the future.
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