介绍了以加氢尾油为原料,采用不同技术生产APIⅡ,Ⅲ类润滑油基础油的研究及工业应用,总结了加氢尾油生产APIⅡ,Ⅲ类润滑油基础油的优势及发展趋势.传统的“老三套”技术难以满足高端润滑油的要求,由于装置投资成本较低,目前在国内市场仍占很大比例(80％).国内外加氢尾油生产APIⅡ,Ⅲ类润滑油基础油的加氢技术相似,基本是采用加氢异构/催化脱蜡技术及加氢异构/催化脱蜡+加氢精制组合工艺技术,其关键技术是催化剂,加氢工艺是目前Ⅱ,Ⅲ类润滑油基础油加工工艺的发展趋势.20世纪90年代后期,国内开展了择形异构加氢工艺技术的研究,其典型技术包括抚顺石油化工研究院的WSI技术和北京石油化工科学研究院的RIW技术,这两种技术已成功实现工业化,国内已有多套装置建成投产.%The hydrocracking unconverted oils are the best feeds for producing API II and M lube base oils. The R & D and commercial application of different technologies for the production of API II and M lube base oils are described, and advantages and development trend of producing API II and M lube base oils from hydrocracking unconverted oils are summarized. As China has a tight supply of lube base oil, especially the API II and El base oils, most of lube base oils have to be imported from overseas and a number of companies with existing conditions are now constructing lube base oil hydrotreatng unit. Although the conventional processes can not meet the requirement for producing high-end lube oils, they still have a greater market share (80% ) in China because of low capital investment. The hydrogenation processes for the production of API E and HI lube base oils from hydrocracking unconverted oil in China are similar to those abroad. They are the combination processes of hydro-isomerization/catalytic dewaxing and hydro-isomerization/catalytic dewaxing + hydrotreating. The critical technology is the catalyst technology. Currently the hydrogenation process is the main process for the production of API group H and M lube base oils. In late 1990' s, the domestic R & D institutions began the development of shape selective hydro-isomerization processes, and typical WSI process and RIW process have been successfully developed and commercialized by Fushun Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals and Research Institute of Petroleum Processing. A number of process units applying these technologies have been constructed and put into operation.
展开▼
