目的：观察核因子-κB受体活化因子配体（ receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand，RANKL）、骨保护素（ osteoprote-gerin，OPG）在大鼠根尖周炎发展各阶段表达的变化与根尖周病损发展之间的关系。方法：选取8周龄雄性Wistar大鼠，随机一侧下颌第一磨牙为实验组，对侧下颌第一磨牙作为对照组；术后1、3、7、14、21 d处死动物，拍摄颌骨X线片，计算根尖周骨破坏面积；组织切片，免疫组织化学检测根尖周组织中RANKL、OPG的表达。结果：根尖周骨破坏面积自术后3 d开始显著增大，21 d达到峰值，呈时间依赖关系；RANKL的表达量在3 d组明显增高，7 d组表达量到达峰值，14 d组开始下降；OPG的表达量在1 d组即出现有显著性上升，3 d组表达趋于平缓，21 d组达峰值。 RANKL、OPG的变化与根尖周病变发展的变化趋势有着显著相关性。结论：RANKL/OPG系统在根尖周炎炎症性骨质破坏机制中起重要调节作用。%Objective: The purpose of this study was to observe the immunohistochemical localization of RANKL ( receptor activa-tor for nuclear factor-κB ligand ) and OPG ( osteoprotegerin ) and bone resorption in induced periapical lesions in rats .Methods:8 -week-old male Wistar rats were use in this study , and those whose one side of their mandibular first molar pulp cavity was exposed to the oral cavity served as the treated group and those of the other side as control .Animals were randomly sacrificed at 1st day, 3rd day, 7th day, 14th day and 21st day after operation.We removed the jaw of rats, took X-ray to observe the apical lesion and sections were prepared for immunohistochemistry to detect RANKL /OPG expression in various stages of periapical tissue .Results:Rats periapical bone lesion area significantly increased from the 3rd day, reaching the peak at 21st day, which was time-dependent.RANKL expres-sion of 3rd day group dramatically increased , reached the peak at 7th day, and began to decrease at 14th day.OPG expression sharply increased at 1st day and smoothly rose after 3rd days until it reached the peak at 21st days.The study found a significant correlation be-tween the expression of RANKL/OPG system and the development of periapical lesions .Conclusions:RANKL /OPG system plays an important regulatory role in periapical inflammatory bone destruction .
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