应用技术培养反思性学习者

摘要

In this paper I explain the Western approach of reflective learning - what the benefits are and how it changes the roles of both students and tutors. I describe three technologies which are appropriate for this student-centred, approach to learning in the context of an online course. The technologies are: learning objects, blogging and Instant Messaging. I give an example of these technologies in use on a Masters course run by the Open University in the UK. An evaluation of the success of this course shows that students found the work demanding but very stimulating. The need to make their own decisions about what to learn appealed to the most confident learners. All students need support and time to appreciate the benefits of a reflective approach to learning. Blogging was a popular medium for reflection and Instant Messaging was used for social networking. Although the course is taught entirely online, the ready availability of an online tutor is essential to producing such positive outcomes for the students.%本文首先介绍了什么是反思性学习--它的优点以及如何改变教师和学生的角色,接着阐述了这种方法应用于网上学习所需的三种技术,即学习内容、博客、即时信息.论文以英国开放大学的硕士课程为例,分析了这些技术的应用.评价表明,学生们认为这种学习尽管费力,但很刺激.让学生自己决定学习内容也受到一些学习能力强的学习者的欢迎.所有学习者在体会到反思性学习方法的优点之前,都需要获到一些支持,也需要经过一段时间的适应.博客是一种常用的反思载体,即时信息也常被用于社会的交往联系.尽管这些课程的教学完全是通过网络进行的,但随时可以获得在线教师的辅导也是学生们取得良好学习成效的必要条件.