受天然气价格低迷影响，北美致密油延续页岩气革命，作业量及产量出现大幅增长，并在全球引领了一场非常规油气资源革命。以页岩气、致密油为代表的非常规资源的成功开发与水平井等技术的进步密不可分。从钻井工程技术的角度探究了北美致密油产量大幅提升中技术进步所起到的重要作用。首先介绍北美致密油分布情况、钻井技术发展历程及现阶段作业规模情况，并通过系统梳理目前在北美主要致密油盆地所采用的主体及前沿钻井技术，分析未来钻井技术的发展趋势，为正在起步的中国致密油开发提供借鉴。%Being affected by the low price of natural gas, North America is experiencing a tight oil evolution following the previous shale gas evolution; both fracturing quantity and production have increased greatly, leading an unconventional oil/gas resource revolu-tion in the world. The successful development of unconventional resources represented by shale gas and tight oil is closely related with the advance of technologies like horizontal wells. This paper has investigated the important role played by technical advance in the great increase of tight oil production in North America from the point of view of drilling engineering technology. The paper first introduces the distribution of tight oil in North America, the history of the development of drilling technologies and the scale of present fractur-ing operations, and then analyzes the future drilling technology development trend through systematically examining the principal and leading-edge drilling technologies used in tight oil basins in North America, so as to provide reference for the development of tight oil in China, which has just got started.
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