4种常见头足类动物的血细胞分类及比较

摘要

以长蛸(Octopus variabilis)、短蛸(Octopus ocellatus)、真蛸(Octopus vulgaris)和曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella maindroni)的血细胞为研究对象,通过光镜和电镜观察对血液中的血细胞形态结构进行比较.根据观察结果,将头足类血细胞分成3种类型:透明细胞,小颗粒细胞和颗粒细胞,但在真蛸血细胞中有一定数量的血细胞其细胞核呈马蹄形,因此将此类细胞独立划为马蹄形核细胞.通过比较发现,曼氏无针乌贼的血细胞与其它3个种存在明显的差异,其胞质内的颗粒数量与性质均与其它3个种有较明显的区别差异.从总体来看,头足类血细胞内含颗粒数量较少,其颗粒的数量与免疫力的强弱无直接关联.通过对比,推断真蛸血细胞中的马蹄形核细胞为透明细胞到小颗粒细胞的中间类型,从而得出此4个类型细胞有从透明细胞→马蹄形核细胞→小颗粒细胞→颗粒细胞的发育进程.%Blood from four cephalopod species,namely,Octopus variabilis,O.ocellatus,O.vulgaris and Sepiella maindroni,were investigated in this study.Hemocyte configuration was observed under a microscope and a transmission electron microscope.The hemocytes were classified according to cytoplasm granules and size,consistency,proportion,and so on,and were divided into three types,namely,hyaline hemocytes,small granular hemocytes,and granular hemocytes.A number of O.vulgaris hemocyte nucleoli were U-shaped,which were classified as an individual type named U-shaped nuclear homocytes.These four hemocyte types were systematically described and compared.The quantity and quality of S.maindroni hemocyte granules were obviously different from those of the other species.In general,the cephalopod hemocyte granules were few.The number of granules is not directly related to its immunity.By comparison,we conclude that the U-shaped nuclear hemocytes of O.vulgaris were the intergradation between the hyaline hemocytes and the small granular hemocytes.Consequently,the four hemocyte types exhibit a certain development course:hyaline hemocytes→ U-shaped nuclear hemocytes→small granular hemocytes→granular hemocytes.