唐山市高龄失能老人孤独感与家庭社会支持的相关性

摘要

Objective:To understand the loneliness of the disabled elderly in Tangshan city and to explore its influencing factors.Methods:A total of 3 448 elderly aged over 75 years old from 10 community health service centers of Tangshan city were included in this study.They were surveyed by Loneliness Scale,Daily Life Ability Scale and Perceived Social Suport from Family Scale and Social Support Rating Scale.Results:A total of 1664 elderly were screened.77.9 ％ of the advanced-age disabled elderly were at moderate or higher levels of loneliness,and their level of loneliness was significantly higher than that of the non-disabled elderly.Illiteracy (OR=0.303),mild disability (OR=1.792),no fecal incontinence (OR =4.368),positive to life (OR =4.223),often communicating with their children (OR=8.225),the residents' committees often providing services (OR=2.803),children no taking the elderly's opinion (OR=0.026),low family support (OR=0.652),and low social support (OR=0.089) were the influence factors of the disabled elderly's loneliness (P＜0.05).Conclusions:There was a high incidence of disability among the elderly.The advanced-age disabled elderly were at moderate or higher levels of loneliness.The loneliness of advanced age disabled elderly was related to education level,disable degree of fecal incontinence,positive to life or not,family support and social support.%[目的]了解唐山市高龄失能老人的孤独心理状况并探讨其影响因素.[方法]选取唐山市10个社区卫生服务中心辖区75岁及以上的老人,采用孤独感量表、日常生活能力量表、家庭支持量表和社会支持量表进行调查.[结果]筛选出失能老人1 664人,77.9％的高龄失能老人处于中等及以上孤独感水平,失能老人孤独感水平显著高于非失能老人.文盲(OR=0.303)、轻度失能(OR=1.792)、无大便失禁(OR=4.368)、能够积极面对生活(OR=4.223)、经常与子女交流(OR=8.225)、居委会经常提供服务(OR=2.803)、子女从不采取老人意见(OR=0.026)、家庭支持低(OR=0.652)、社会支持低(OR=0.089)是高龄失能老人孤独心理的影响因素(P＜0.05).[结论]高龄老人失能发生率较高,高龄失能老人孤独感水平处于中等及以上,高龄失能老人孤独感与文化程度、失能程度、大便失禁、能否积极面对生活、家庭支持、社会支持等因素相关.