医院感染及抗菌药物使用情况横断面调查分析

摘要

目的：：了解我院院内感染以及抗菌药物使用情况，更好地做好医院感染控制工作，并且能够为其他医疗机构提供关于医院感染的数据。方法：采用医院感染管理系统，收集全院感染数据。结果：医院感染横断面调查应查1560例，实查1501例，实查率96.22%。医院感染31例，医院感染现患率为2.07%，例次感染率为2.13%。医院感染科室居前3位的分别为综合 ICU(45.45%)、神经外科(9.09%) 和神经内科(3.61%)。抗菌药物使用率为24.45%，治疗用药使用率55.86%，预防用药使用率39.78%，治疗+预防用药使用率4.36%。治疗性使用抗菌药物者中细菌培养率为47.80% 。结论：我院2014年院内感染现患率为2.07%，低于国内其他研究者报道水平。综合 ICU 在所有科室中院内感染率最高，应作为目标性监测的重点科室。我院总的抗菌药物使用率(24.45%)达到卫生部要求(抗菌药物使用<50%)。治疗性使用抗菌药物者中细菌培养率为47.80%，未能达到卫生部要求的细菌学送检率>60%。细菌学培养是合理用药的基础，提高细菌培养率可以为临床应用抗菌药物提供更可靠的依据。%Objective:To kown the nosocomial infections and antimicrobial usage for controlling of hospital infection and supplying data related hospital in-fections for other medical institutions. Methods:Acquired data by hospital infection management system. Results:A total of 1560 patients were surveyed and the actual investigated rate was 96. 22% . 31 patients occured nosocomial infection,respectively,the prevalence was 2. 07% ,occur times rate was 2. 13% . The top three rate of infection were ICU(45. 45% ),department of neurosurgery (9. 09% ),department of neurology (3. 61% ). The rate of antimicrobial drug use,treatment medication use,prophylactic drug use,treatment and prophylactic drug use was 55. 86% ,39. 78% ,4. 36% . Bacteria submission rate was 47. 80% . Conclusion:The nosocomial infections rate of our hospital be close to the rate of infection of the other′s study in china. The nosocomial infections rate of ICU was the highest in all departments of our hospital,it′s should be the focus of infection surveillance. The rate of antimicrobial drug use of our hos-pital was lower (24. 45% ). Bacteria submission rate was 47. 80% ,but not up to standard. Bacteriological culture is the basis for rational drug use,to im-prove the rate of bacteriological culture could provide basis for clinical use antibiotics.