液体闪烁计数测氚的测量方法比较

摘要

This article introduced three methods of measuring tritium by the liquid scintillation and proposed their improved solutions , including the relative measuring method , the inner-calibration method and the exter-nal quench correction method .The analytical procedures , measuring time and accuracy of the three measuring methods are compared by the specially designed experiment , which also tested the effect of their improved solu-tions .The results of the experiment show that the relative errors of those measuring methods are within 20%and the improved solutions are better in the low limit of detection or accuracy of the measuring results than the old ones.There are limitations and differences between the three measuring methods , the appropriate method should be selected according to the quenching level of the sample and the requirements of the analysis .%对相对测量法、内标猝灭校正法和外标猝灭校正法等3种采用液体闪烁计数法测氚的方法进行了分析，提出了相应的改进方法，并通过实验设计，从分析步骤、测量需时和结果准确性等方面对上述3种测量方法进行了比较，同时对改进方法的效果进行了验证。实验结果表明：采用上述3种液体闪烁计数法测氚的结果相对偏差均在±20％以内，且改进方法较原方法在探测限或结果准确性上均有提高。在使用上述3种液体闪烁计数法测氚过程中，应根据待测样品的猝灭水平和分析要求，选用合适的分析方法。