茶多酚和咖啡因对缓解葡萄铝毒的生理机制

摘要

以葡萄苗为试材,采用无土栽培的方法,研究了在10mmol·L-1硫酸铝钾胁迫下,0.25、0.50、0.75、1.00mg·L-1的茶多酚和咖啡因处理对缓解葡萄铝毒的生理效应,以期为葡萄的耐铝栽培提供参考依据.结果表明:铝胁迫下葡萄生物量、叶绿素含量、根系活力下降,根冠比上升;叶片蛋白质、脯氨酸和过氧化氢的含量及过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性上升;叶片和根系的丙二醛含量和氧自由基产生速率也上升.但在加入茶多酚和咖啡因后,葡萄生物量、叶绿素含量、根系活力、叶片POD和SOD活性,以及叶片、根系蛋白质和脯氨酸的含量均高于铝胁迫处理;而根冠比、叶片和根系的氧自由基产生速率、过氧化氢和丙二醛的含量则低于铝胁迫处理.茶多酚和咖啡因处理能够降低铝胁迫对葡萄植株生长的抑制作用,缓解铝毒对葡萄的伤害,效果最显著的是0.75mg·L-1茶多酚和0.50mg·L-1咖啡因处理.%The grape seedlings were used as materials,physiological effects of tea polyphenols and caffeine treatment of 0.25mg·L-1,0.50mg·L-1,0.75mg·L-1 and 1.00mg·L-1 on relieving grape aluminum toxicity were studied by soilless cultivation under 10mmol·L-1 aluminum sulfate stress,in order to provide reference basis for aluminum tolerance cultivation of grape.The results showed that under the aluminum stress,the biomass,chlorophyll content,root activity and root shoot ratio of grape increased;the contents of protein,proline and hydrogen peroxide in leaves,and the activities of POD and SOD increased;malondialdehyde content and oxygen free radical production rate also rose in the leaves and roots.But after adding tea polyphenols and caffeine,grape biomass, chlorophyll content,root activity,activilies of POD and SOD in leaves,and the contents of protein and proline in leaves and roots were higher than those of aluminum stress;and the root-shoot ratio,the oxygen free radical generation rate,the contents of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in leaves and roots were lower than those of aluminum stress.Tea polyphenols and caffeine treatment could reduce the inhibitory effect on the growth of grape plant aluminum stress,alleviate Al toxicity on grape damage.Among them,the most significant effect was 0.75 mg· L-1 polyphenols and 0.50mg·L-1 caffeine treatment.