中国铅锌冶金技术状况及发展趋势:节能潜力

摘要

In the recent decade,China has become the largest producer of lead and zinc of the world,which brought about huge resource and environment burdens.On the basis of introducing and summarizing the status,features and applications of China's lead and zinc smelting technologies,this paper analyzes the existing problems and development orientation for China's lead and zinc industry.Given the consumption structure,the raw material for lead production will mainly originate from secondary lead-bearing materials,while that for zinc production will still originate from raw ores.Thus,millions of tons of zinc-containing slags will annually generate during processing raw lead-bearing ores.Therefore,the harmless treatment of these slags should call our attention.%近10多年来,世界铅、锌精矿和铅、锌生产量的增量主要来自中国,中国已经成为名副其实的世界铅、锌加工国,并由此带来巨大的资源和环境压力.文章在系统介绍和总结中国铅、锌冶炼技术发展状况、各自技术特点和适应性的基础上,探讨中国铅、锌冶金工业技术发展中存在的主要问题和应关注的发展方向.从消费结构分析,未来我国铅的生产必然会转向以再生铅为主的格局,但锌的生产依然会以原生锌生产为主,如何在原生铅生产过程中实现每年数百万吨新增锌冶炼渣的无害化处置,必须引起我们的重视.