矩形永磁铁的磁力计算及其应用

摘要

负刚度结构可用于系统的低频隔振，依据等效磁荷法建立矩形永磁铁的磁力和刚度解析模型，得到实现负刚度的最优磁铁布置和充磁方向，并设计三磁体型准零刚度隔振系统。仿真结果表明，矩形磁铁磁力和刚度计算模型准确，三磁体型准零刚度隔振器在不影响载荷性能的前提下具有优越的低频隔振性能。%Negative stiffness mechanism can be used to isolate low frequency vibration of systems. In this paper, analytical expressions of the magnetic force and stiffness of rectangular permanent magnets are derived by using the equivalent magnetic charge method. Meanwhile, the optimal arrangement and magnetization of the rectangular permanent magnets are obtained to accomplish the negative stiffness. Finally, the tri-magnet quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolation is designed. The simulation results show that the theoretical analysis is correct and the excellent low frequency vibration isolation performance is achieved without affecting the load ability.