汽车行驶过程中,受到不同幅值和频率的激励,通过车轮传递到车内,进而影响车辆的舒适性.通过Pro/E软件建立车轮的三维模型,使用有限元分析软件Hyperworks建立车轮的有限元模型;采用Optistruct模块进行计算,得到车轮在自由状态下的固有频率和模态振型.通过对车轮进行自由模态实验分析,得出车轮的固有频率和模态振型.将模态实验结果与有限元分析结果进行对比分析,得出低阶模态振型主要集中在轮辋边缘部位,而高阶模态振型主要集中在轮辋中间部位;同时实验结果也验证了车轮有限元模型的正确性.%A driving minibus is subjected to the excitation with different amplitudes and frequencies, which will reduce the comfort level of the vehicle. In this paper, the 3D model of the wheel of the minibus is established through Pro/E software. The finite element model of the wheel is established by Hyperworks software. The natural frequencies and modal shapes of the free wheels are calculated by the Optistruct module. The natural frequencies and modal shapes of the wheels are obtained by the free modal experimental analysis of the wheels. By comparing the result of the modal experiments with that of the finite element analysis, it is concluded that the low-order modes are mainly concentrated in the edge of the rim, while the high-order modes are mainly concentrated in the middle of the rim. Meanwhile, the experimental results provide an evidence for the correctness of the finite element model of the wheels.
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