螺旋桨非定常激励力传递特性研究

摘要

Unsteady excitation of propellers is an important factor to cause the vibration of shafting and submarines.In this paper,the shafting-hull coupling model is established and its finite element simulation is conducted.The transmission characteristics under transverse and longitudinal excitations of the propeller and the vibro-acoustic characteristics under unsteady excitation of the propeller are compared.The study is focused on the transmission characteristics of longitudinal unsteady excitation of the propeller by the shafting system.Finally,the simulation results and the conclusion are verified by the test.The results show that the transmission efficiency of longitudinal unsteady excitation of the shafting is higher than that of the transverse excitation and the shafting has significant amplification effect for the longitudinal unsteady excitation of the propeller,which has great influence on underwater acoustic radiation of submarines.%螺旋桨非定常激励是引起轴系和潜艇振动的重要因素.首先建立轴系-艇体耦合结构模型,通过有限元仿真对比螺旋桨横向和纵向激励的传递特性以及螺旋桨非定常激励力引起的潜艇声振特性,并重点研究轴系对螺旋桨纵向非定常激励的传递作用,最后通过试验对仿真分析结论进行验证.结果表明,轴系对螺旋桨纵向激励的传递效率明显高于横向激励,且纵向非定常激励引起的潜艇振动和声辐射也显著高于横向非定常激励;轴系对螺旋桨纵向非定常激励具有显著的放大作用,对潜艇水下声辐射影响较大.