整体叶轮叶片根部特征刀具轨迹规化研究

摘要

针对整体叶轮叶片根部特征加工过程中极易产生过切和欠切的问题,提出了适合光滑过渡曲面区域的叶轮叶片根部特征的精加工的刀具轨迹规划优化方法.该方法首先对叶根曲面进行划分,定义加工曲面类型;然后对加工曲面进行刀具轨迹规划,计算出最佳走刀步长和行距;最后在保证刀具不与被加工表面发生过切和欠切的基础上,使得刀具与被加工曲面在刀触点处平面上每个方向的曲率相匹配,并使生成的刀轨光顺简洁,改善曲面加工精度与加工效率.通过对某叶片根部的仿真实例加工验证了该方法的正确性.该方法在多轴数控加工中具有重要的实用价值.%Aiming at the over cutting and under cutting in the integral impeller root feature machining process, a tool path planning optimization method is presented.This method is suitable for the integral impeller blade root feature fine machining in smooth transition surface area.Firstly, the root surface is divided and the machining surface type is defined.Then, the tool path is planned for machining surface and the optimal step length and row spacing are calculated.Finally, on basis of no cutting and under cutting between the tool and the machined surface, the curvature in every direction of the cutter contact point of the cutting tool and the machined surface could match, not only making tool path smooth and concise, but also improving the machining accuracy and machining efficiency.The method of the blade root feature tool path planning optimization, is verified to be correct through a processing example of a certain blade root.It plays an important practical value in multi axis NC machining.