Objective; To explore whether histaminergic system participates in memory deficits after isoflurane anesthesia. Methods; The effect of isoflurane on post-anesthesia memory was investigated in male SD rats with one-trial inhibitory avoidance model. The role of histaminergic pathway in isoflurane anesthesia induced memory deficits was explored by microinfusion of GABAA receptor antagnist bicucculline methiodide ( BMI) into tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN). The expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus was assessed by western blot. Results: The step-through latency and the expression of BDNF decreased after isoflurane anesthesia. The changes were reversed by microinfusing of BMI into TMN 10 min before one-trial inhibitory avoidance training. Conclusion; Central histaminergic system and its mediated BDNF expression in hippocampus may participate in the memory deficits after isoflurane anesthesia.%目的:探讨组胺能神经元是否参与异氟烷麻醉引起的认知功能障碍.方法:采用抑制性回避记忆模型研究成年雄性SD大鼠异氟烷麻醉后记忆功能变化,通过下丘脑结节乳头核(TMN)微量注射GABAA受体拮抗剂荷包牡丹碱(BMI)研究组胺能核团参与异氟烷麻醉后记忆受损的神经环路机制,免疫印迹法观察组胺能神经通路对海马BDNF表达的调节作用.结果:异氟烷麻醉导致大鼠抑制性回避测试期的步入潜伏期缩短、海马BNDF表达降低；抑制性回避训练期前给予BMI,可增加麻醉大鼠在测试期的步入潜伏期及海马BNDF的表达.结论:中枢组胺能神经环路以及受该环路支配的BDNF信号通路可能为吸入麻醉后记忆受损的机制之一.
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